Animals and Language free essay sample

Feathered creatures, honey bees, bats, chimps, worms, even people have a correspondence framework. We as a whole offer the craft of language in some structure. A few researchers state that language is the thing that separates people from each different species. Different scientists wonder if creatures can gain proficiency with the human language. What separates us from creatures? What set us apart are the principles and syntaxes that we human have, which makes it impractical for creatures to get familiar with the human language. Another factor that adds to why creatures can't learn human language or why individuals accept they do is because of the anatomic structure of creatures and furthermore because of operant molding. These variables will demonstrate why creatures can't learn language. Numerous creatures use motions, snorts, moves, whistles, or even cry to make an impression on their different individuals. People have an unbounded discrete combinatorial framework. We can take numerous morphemes, join them together to make other important words. Likewise, people have rules and structures which empower us to make sentences. Indeed, even with American Sign Language, this language has its own structures and rules. Most creatures, for example, chickadees, bees’ bats, and different sorts of winged creatures, are limited creatures. These creatures can't build new messages. Their method of correspondence is either through calling or singing. Another model would be the bumble bees. Bumble bees convey through moving. It is clear to show that bumble bees do have a discrete combinatorial framework. Bumble bees can assemble various moves to pass on a message yet they are limited. Creatures that have discrete structures are limited and those that are limited are discrete. An investigation was done on an African Gray parrot named Alex. He was shown numerous images, hues, and numbers. Alex didn't have that coherence to develop long sentences. Alex had a similar knowledge of that of a multi year old. His degree of comprehensibility stayed steady. After early endeavors to instruct chimpanzee’s oral language, numerous specialists, for example, Gardners analysts have gone to gesture based communication. The Gardners raised a chimp named Washoe and had a go at showing her gesture based communication. As time advanced, Washoe had gained generally around 160 signs. Once Washoe took in a specific sign, she utilized that sign to request a greater amount of what she needed. For instance, the sign she figured out how to request all the more tickling was a similar sign she used to request more food or to play. Sarah was another chimp that was shown language by utilizing images to speak to a word or significance. Since the images were directly before her face, Sarah had the option to organize the images to make a type of sentence. At the point when Sarah was not offered her hints, she was quiet, unfit to impart. Nim was additionally a chimp who was instructed language. As he developed, his sentences were as yet that of a 2-multi year old kid. Likewise Nim had the option to learn through impersonation. The majority of his language originated from mimicking his educators. Through impersonation, chimpanzees were additionally ready to learn language. In the article, How Nim Chimpsky Changed My Mind, Terrace expressed that Nims length of articulations recorded when he was 22 months stayed steady. Patio likewise expressed after Nims come back from New York, the normal length of Nims articulation was between 1. 1 and 1. 6 signs. As Nim developed, his expression didn't build like that of a youngster. One significant motivation behind why gorillas can't deliver discourse is because of the anatomic structure of their vocal folds. The human vocal folds are low in the neck, while the vocal folds of primates are high in the neck simply like that of an infant. Since our larynx is lower in the neck, people can make discourse conceivable by permitting more prominent decent variety of vowels to contract in our vocal folds. We people may accept that the chimpanzees can get punctuation and can utilize it accurately however they don't. Clinician Terrace expressed that what appeared to be a discussion from people perspective was really an endeavor for the chimpanzees to convey â€Å"their request quickly†. Through research, it is apparent to see that creatures can't learn language. In the event that they do learn language, they do as such because of operant molding. On the off chance that an analyst compensates a chimp for each time that chimp or creature is linguistically right, that creature will consistently utilize that sign, image, and so on o acquire his/her prize. Nobody can say or it has not been demonstrated that creatures can become familiar with a language. Washoe and Nim marked to get a prize. Alex, the parrot, was remunerated nuts when he played out an errand. Rico, the Border collie was additionally remunerated when he got the correct thing. In light of operant molding, numerous creatu res acclimate themselves with things they are approached to call attention to or bring. Without operant molding or some likeness thereof, numerous creatures that have been considered would not have learned language. So would animals be able to learn language? Indeed they can depend what meaning of language you apply. It is demonstrated to see that creatures can learn jargon. Alex the parrot learned numerous jargon words; Washoe and Nims likewise learned words through ASL. Youngsters are not shown language, they secure it. On account of creatures, for example, Kanzi, Nim, Washoe and different species, these creatures must be educated expressly. They must be educated either straightforwardly or by implication. Much in the wake of being educated, they may create complex important correspondence blend yet they won't have out and out language structures and decides that we human have. References

Preparing a comprehensive case analysis, Part 2 Assignment

Setting up a complete case examination, Part 2 - Assignment Example He further notes that since the swelling and the Gross National item (GNP) substantially affect the market development, they are incorporated a list. The range is separated between two divisions: high development delineating enterprises and firms developing and extending quicker than expansion and the gross local items and are appeared over the line while low development portrays those businesses and firms developing increasingly slow a not as much as swelling rate or GNP rate. Headley (1977) takes note of that the even pivot (x) shows the relative piece of the pie. The offer is processed comparative with the biggest rival in the market. Therefore, both the range and the division are discretionary. He consolidated the size of 1.0 to show the line where advertise initiative will happen. This inferred showcase authority would happen where the piece of the overall industry surpassed 1.0 As set forward by David (2011) and Headley (1977), the BCG Growth/share lattice is separated into fou r quadrants, each speaking to a specific sort of business. The circles speak to items. In this manner, the size of the circle mirrors the general criticalness of the item to assemble deals. Moreover, its improvement mirrors the benefit commitment to every division and once in a while speaks to in the pie portions inside the circle. The Boston Consulting Group’s Growth Share Matrix Fig 2 (DISASTER SEQUENCE AND SUCCESS IN PRODUCT PORTFOLIO STARS QUESTION MARKS CASH COWS DOGS The calamity arrangement moves from the pooches to stars to hounds in a specific order while the achievement succession moves from the canines to stars. Key Y AXIS †MARKET GROWTH RATE X AXIS †RELATIVE MARKET SHARE Disaster grouping (anticlockwise) The clockwise is the achievement arrangement a) THE QUESTION MARKS These item or organizations contend in high development markets, yet where the business sectors portion of the firm is generally low. For example, another item propelled into a high devel opment advertise and with a current market pioneer is ordinarily viewed as a question mark. Business firms with such items ordinarily adjust themselves to both of the accompanying concentrated or divestment vital alternatives so as to improve the serious position, deals volume and notoriety of the firm: showcase infiltration, advertise advancement and item improvement (David, 2011; Headley, 1977) b) THE STARS These are fruitful question marks (David, 2011). Be that as it may, as Headley takes note of a venture is still typically required to keep up development and guard the authority position of the firm. As verified by Headley (1977), once in a while, they are imperceptibly gainful items. Be that as it may, as they accomplish an increasingly developed status in their life cycle and development levels, they show up progressively alluring. He further notes that these items give a premise to the drawn out development and gainfulness for the firm. During this business period, the organ izations regularly receive some vital choices, for example, advertise entrance; market and item improvement, joint endeavors and coordination. These cautious procedures are planned for protecting the piece of the overall industry and the administration position from its rivals (David, 2011). C) THE CASH COW These are described by a moderately high piece of the pie in low development businesses. As the market develops, the requirement for the venture lessens because of a decrease in working expenses. As confirmed by the David (2011) and Headley (1977), these items are the most gainful items in the business portfolio. Likewise, for the most part the market circumstance is helped by the economies of scale

Literary Tourism Bozeman, Montana

Literary Tourism Bozeman, Montana On the northern tip of Yellowstone National Park, a bit west of where Montana takes on the weird landscape one finds in a book by Dr. Seuss, lies the small college town of Bozeman. For those who havent been, the west side of Montana (and really the entire state) is bonkers beautiful. Ive driven through Montana on trips from Michigan to the West Coast and back about three times each way, and Ive stopped in Bozeman on two of those occasions. Home to Montana State University, Bozeman has the same hip coffeehouses, indie bookstores, esoteric boutiques, and niche restaurants of many other college locales, perhaps with a dash of Twin Peaks added in. Needless to say, its awesome and you should go to there. My recommendation: Go camp in either Yellowstone or Glacier depending on which direction youre coming from, spend a few days relaxing in Bozeman, and then go camp in the other national park. Of course, this is assuming you have time and resources to do so. Anyway, heres some bookish stuff worth checking out while youre there. Country Bookshelf Country Bookshelf is Montanas largest independent bookstore and is located right in downtown Bozeman. Founded in 1957, its safe to say that Country Bookshelf has become a community staple. The bookstore hosts regular author readings, celebrates Banned Books Week, and participates in   the Downtown Bozeman Art Walk. Vargos Jazz City Books Google Maps marks the walk from Country Bookshelf to Vargos at 164 feet, with a cafe called Wild Joes Coffee Spot sandwiched between the two establishments. Not exactly a tortuous trek for book lovers. This way, you can save all your energy for a hike in the mountains. Vargos is renowned as being a bit quirkier than the bookstore down the road. With a wide selection of vinyl records, new and used books, postcards, and other knickknacks, Vargos seems to balance out Bozemans downtown literary scene. Montana State University Notably, Robert M. Pirsig, David Quammen and Richard Brautigan all taught creative writing at Montana State, although they were each only at the university for a limited time. Well-known journalist and essayist Sarah Vowell earned her B.A. from Montana State in 1993. MSU also has this cool program called the Yellowstone Writing Project, an invitational summer institute for teachers of all grade levels. Teachers are immersed in a four week program at the university crafting their personal writing abilities and exploring strategies for teaching students to write. Sounds pretty cool to me. The view doesnt look to bad either. Childrens Festival of the Book The Bozeman Public Library puts on this awesome annual event called Childrens Festival of the Book in which community members get to rub elbows with an array of talented authors and illustrators that have crafted childrens and YA books. According to the festivals blog, past visitors have included Lois Lowry, Henry Cole, Paul Zelinsky, and Maile Meloy. The 2014 program included Amy Krouse Rosenthal, Charise Mericle Harper, and Janet Fox. Paradise Valley and the surrounding area. Located about thirty miles east, which in Montana might as well be next door, lies Paradise Valley. Jim Harrison and Thomas McGuane both live in the area, though Ill always consider Harrison a Michigan man no matter where he lives. Maile Meloy also grew up nearby, in the states capital, Helena. Many of Meloys short stories take place in Bozeman and other parts of Montana. ____________________ We run a pretty sweet little bookish Instagram account, if we do say so ourselves (and we do). Come check it out. Save

Biography of Captain William Kidd, Scottish Pirate

William Kidd (c. 1654–May 23, 1701) was a Scottish ship’s captain, privateer, and pirate. He started out on a voyage in 1696 as a pirate hunter and privateer, but he soon switched sides and had a brief but moderately successful career as a pirate. After he turned pirate, his wealthy backers back in England abandoned him. He was later convicted and hanged in England after a sensational trial. Fast Facts: William Kidd Known For: Kidd was a Scottish ships captain whose adventures led to his trial and execution for piracy.Also Known As: Captain KiddBorn: c. 1654 in Dundee, ScotlandDied: May 23, 1701 in Wapping, EnglandSpouse: Sarah Kidd (m. 1691-1701) Early Life Kidd was born in Scotland sometime around 1654, possibly near Dundee. He took to the sea and soon made a name for himself as a skilled, hardworking seaman. In 1689, sailing as a privateer, he took a French vessel: the ship was renamed the Blessed William and Kidd was put in command by the governor of Nevis. He sailed into New York just in time to save the governor there from a conspiracy. In New York, he married a wealthy widow. Not long after, in England, he became friends with the Lord of Bellomont, who was to be the new governor of New York. Setting Sail as a Privateer For the English, sailing was very dangerous at the time. England was at war with France and piracy was common. Lord Bellomont and some of his friends suggested Kidd be given a privateering contract that would allow him to attack pirates or French vessels. The suggestion was not accepted by the government, but Bellomont and his friends decided to set up Kidd as a privateer through a private enterprise: Kidd could attack French vessels or pirates but he had to share his earnings with the investors. Kidd was given the 34-gun Adventure Galley and he set sail in May 1696. Turning Pirate Kidd set sail for Madagascar and the Indian Ocean, then a hotbed of pirate activity. Nevertheless, he and his crew found very few pirate or French vessels to take. About a third of his crew died of disease, and the rest became surly because of the lack of prizes. In August 1697, Kidd attacked a convoy of Indian treasure ships  but was driven off by an East India Company Man of War. This was an act of piracy and clearly not in Kidd’s charter. Also, about this time, Kidd killed a mutinous gunner named William Moore by hitting him in the head with a heavy wooden bucket. The Pirates Take the Queddah Merchant On January 30, 1698, Kidds luck finally changed. He captured the Queddah Merchant, a treasure ship heading home from the Far East. It was not really fair game as a prize, though. It was a Moorish ship, with cargo owned by Armenians, and was captained by an Englishman named Wright. It was allegedly sailing with French papers. This was enough for Kidd, who sold off the cargo and divided the spoils with his men. The holds of the merchantman were bursting with a valuable cargo, and the haul for Kidd and his pirates was 15,000 British pounds, well over $2 million today). Kidd and his pirates were rich men. Kidd and Culliford Not long after, Kidd ran into a pirate ship captained by a notorious pirate named Culliford. What happened between the two men is unknown. According to Captain Charles Johnson, a contemporary historian, Kidd and Culliford greeted each other warmly and traded supplies and news. Many of Kidds men deserted him at this point, some running off with their share of the treasure and others joining Culliford. At his trial, Kidd claimed that he wasnt strong enough to fight Culliford and that most of his men abandoned him to join the pirates. He said he was allowed to keep the ships, but only after all the weapons and supplies were taken. In any event, Kidd swapped the leaking Adventure Galley for the fit Queddah Merchant and set sail for the Caribbean. Desertion by Friends and Backers Meanwhile, news of Kidd becoming a pirate had reached England. Bellomont and his wealthy friends, who were very important members of the government, began distancing themselves from the enterprise as quickly as they could. Robert Livingston, a friend and fellow Scotsman who knew the king personally, was deeply involved in Kidds affairs. Livingston turned on Kidd, trying desperately to keep secret his own name and those of the others involved. As for Bellomont, he put out a proclamation of amnesty for pirates, but Kidd and Henry Avery were specifically excluded from it. Some of Kidds former pirates would later accept this pardon and testify against him. Return to New York When Kidd reached the Caribbean, he learned he was now considered a pirate by the authorities. He decided to go to New York, where his friend Lord Bellomont could protect him until he was able to clear his name. He left his ship behind and captained a smaller ship to New York. As a precaution, he buried his treasure on Gardiners Island, off of Long Island. When he arrived in New York, he was arrested and Lord Bellomont refused to believe his stories of what had transpired. He divulged the location of his treasure on Gardiners Island and it was recovered. He spent a year in prison before being sent to England to face trial. Death Kidds trial took place on May 8, 1701. The trial caused a huge sensation in England, as Kidd pleaded that he had never actually turned pirate. There was plenty of evidence against him, however, and he was eventually found guilty. He was also convicted of the death of Moore, the rebellious gunner. Kidd was hanged on May 23, 1701, and his body was put into an iron cage hanging along the River Thames, where it served as a warning to other pirates. Legacy Kidd and his case have generated a great deal of interest over the years, far more than other pirates of his generation. This is probably due to the scandal of his involvement with wealthy members of the royal court. Then, as now, his tale has a lurid attraction to it, and there are many detailed books and websites dedicated to Kidd, his adventures, and his eventual trial and conviction. This fascination is Kidds real legacy because, frankly, he wasnt much of a pirate. He didnt operate for very long, he didnt take a great many prizes, and he was never feared the way other pirates were. Many pirates—such as Sam Bellamy, Benjamin Hornigold, or Edward Low, to name just a few—were more successful on the open seas. Nevertheless, only a select handful of pirates, including Blackbeard and Black Bart Roberts, are as famous as William Kidd. Many historians feel that Kidd was treated unfairly. For the time, his crimes were not truly terrible. The gunner Moore was insubordinate, the meeting with Culliford and his pirates may have gone the way Kidd said it did, and the ships he captured were at the very least questionable in terms of whether they were fair game or not. If it were not for his wealthy noble backers, who wished to remain anonymous at all costs and to distance themselves from Kidd in any way possible, his contacts probably would have saved him, if not from jail then at least from the noose. One other legacy Kidd left behind was that of buried treasure. Kidd left behind some of his loot, including gold and silver, on Gardiners Island, which was later found and cataloged. What intrigues modern treasure hunters is that Kidd insisted until the end of his life that he had buried another treasure somewhere in the Indies—presumably in the Caribbean. People have been looking for that lost treasure ever since. Sources Defoe, Daniel.  A General History of the Pirates. Dover Publications, 1972.Konstam, Angus.  The World Atlas of Pirates: Treasures and Treachery on the Seven Seas, in Maps, Tall Tales, and Pictures. The Lyons Press, 2010.

Charlotte Perkins Gilmans Cupid in the Kitchen - 1276 Words

Charlotte Perkins Gilmans Cupid in the Kitchen As a reader in the 1990s its tempting to see Charlotte Perkins Gilmans Cupid in the Kitchen as revolutionary and ahead of its time. She proposes the complete professionalization of the nutritive and execretive functions of society, a radical, if not revolutionary notion. However, in the light of the fin-de-siecle birth of the modern feminist movement, Gilman is but one voice in many crying for economic and social justice for women. In effect, the rhetorical situation of 1898 demanded and created this discourse as it does all discourse (Bitzer 5). Gilmans Cupid is a natural and elegant response to the conditions which created it: the continuing surplus of unmarried†¦show more content†¦This event also inspired Gilmans work. In this respect, Gilmans Cupid is neither revolutionary nor ahead of its time. That it bemoans the status of women in society and demands new opportunities for employment makes this piece more typical than remarkable. That is not to say that it is trivial. Gilmans book was both topical and significant in 1898. But whats most interesting in the 1990s is how her work differs from that of her contemporaries. What makes it stand out? How is it revolutionary, and why has it been anthologized? To answer these questions, the reader must follow the work to where the energy in the prose leads. This calls for a close examination of the most striking feature of her work, the proposal itself. Gilmans vision is revolutionary, and in some respects, prophetic. She proposes that the domestic chores of cleaning and nutrition be professionalized. Because they are so important, she argues, these tasks should be performed by well educated and trained professionals. She suggests that urban families living in flats and apartments could eat at a central, professionally staffed kitchen. In the suburbs, several houses could be linked by a kitchen in a similar way (Gilman 217-19). Her system offers several advantages. Obviously, peoples nutritional requirements could be better met by a centralized, professionally-staffed kitchen. In allShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Comparative Advantage of Sexual Divisions of Labor5471 Words   |  22 Pagesshe saw as a virtuous and noble woman. Virginia Woolf, however, decried what she saw as the deplorable poverty of women in A Room of One’s Own. Her solution, however, only served to further separate the spheres of men and women. Finally, Charlotte Perkins Gilman similarly objected to the state of women in Women and Economics and ultimately proposed a society that abolished any division of labor along sexual lines. None of these authors seem to contest the presence of a comparative advantage

Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch Essay Free Essays

string(44) " cognition of information from each lesson\." Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch hinted that the success of the University has come straight from the pupils that inhabit the establishment. along with the campus atmosphere created by them. He confirms that the university strives to obtain a vibrant and tickle pinking community that moves toward success through instruction and character development. We will write a custom essay sample on Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now I believe that Wake Forest University is seeking for pupils who will go forth a positive impact on the constitution while holding a strong concentration on their ends. I believe that my rational growing and experiences. spiritual background. and morally driven values and features will lend greatly to the enlargement of the Wake Forest community. Lou Holtz one time quoted. â€Å"Ability is what you’re capable of making. Motivation determines what you do. Attitude determines how good you do it. † This inspirational committedness to dispute your head to achieve success each and every twenty-four hours measures the accomplishments that a individual will accomplish throughout their life. Throughout my high school calling. I have experienced many educational chances and held many leading functions that were critical to determining my hereafter. A person’s ability. motive. and attitude are imperative features that define their motivations throughout all of their enterprises. I have found it really of import for one to environ oneself with positive influences. along with a diverse group of people in order to spread out and turn as an person. If one converses with the same community each twenty-four hours. they will ne’er dispute themselves in their cognition. and in bend become less intellectually rounded. I strive to be an active pupil in my school who engulfs many thoughts and is all-around in the facet of instruction and extra-curricular activities in order to go forth a positive impact on my equals for the improvement of my hereafter. and theirs. At the beginning of high school. I embarked in a plan that has impacted my life in many ways. I have been molded into a confident leader who strives to do a positive impact at my high school. and on my community. due to my adviser and my personal committedness. This organisation was Student Council. In the 9th and 10th class. I was elected Secretary and so Vice President of my category. I so was nominated and selected to function as the 2nd frailty president of the full pupil organic structure. which finally set me up to be the Student Body President my senior twelvemonth. I have grown into a individual through experiences that have come along as a consequence of my being an active portion of the Student Council. My organisational accomplishments have proved effectual as I have planned and implemented many thoughts throughout my high school calling in Student Council. I have actively planned three Homecoming skits and dances. four spring dances. three Powder-puff games. two contrivance ball tourneies. three Mr. Cardinal Cabarrus Pageants. two volleyball tourneies. and many more events as a head leader in leading category and Student Council at my school. During my last two old ages as the Student Body 2nd Vice President and Student Body President. I have actively led the council in a way that has non been travelled earlier as we have embarked on a community service undertaking and active engagement throughout the community. As the 2nd frailty president of my council. we successfully raised $ 19. 000 for Juvenile Diabetes through fundraisers including a contrivance ball tourney. a spring dance. and many other little undertakings. We have set ourselves a challenge of transcending this end as a school this twelvemonth. I have organized the council to take part in the Particular Olympic Games at the Cabarrus Arena for the past three old ages to back up and promote these astonishing jocks. I strive to take the council and my school with a positive force that places a strong accent on community service and school improvement undertakings. Student Council has allowed me to work with the disposal and high degree functionaries in the community. edifice assurance in myself along with fostering my societal accomplishments. On legion occasions. I have submitted proposals to the principal and school board to implement events. and I have had to professionally stand as the pupil body’s voice as I discuss these issues with functionaries of our community. Although defeated after the Renaissance breakfast was rejected. I responded with enthusiasm to get down the following undertaking of Darfur Awareness Week. a cause for which I am really passionate. I have actively taken a function in the Beta Club. Mu Alpha Theta Math Club. National Honors Society. and Junior Civitan Club. as I hope to make everything in my power to go forth a bequest at Central Cabarrus High School. I strive to go forth the school in a better topographic point than I found the booming constitution. On an educational footing. I have enlisted in legion advanced arrangement and awards classs to foster my rational ability throughout my in-between school and high school calling. Currently. I am disputing myself to finish two strict classs dwelling of AP English IV along with AP Government merely in this semester. These two categories are the most demanding at our school. and I am one of merely 10 persons of each category who dared to face these two challenging classs in the same semester. I admire each person in these categories and larn new thoughts and beliefs by environing myself with these astonishing and bright pupils. In my AP English category. I have been exposed to many doctrines. and many signifiers of literature. including Shakespearian sonnets and dramas. which I would hold antecedently ne’er studied. In AP Government. I have watched and analyzed the differing positions of Democrats. Libertarians. and Republicans as we analyze the modern fundamental law and judicial system. I have set a high end of myself to accomplish success in each category with a wide cognition of information from each lesson. You read "Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch Essay" in category "Essay examples" If I keep a strong focal point on my ability. motive. and attitude. I will go on wining in each of these categories. I believe Wake Forest University President indicates the success of the University comes straight from the character development and diverseness which is learned from environing oneself with persons of rational and diverse backgrounds. and this is something that I have learned to encompass. Along with disputing me each twenty-four hours to intellectually turn from my experiences and instruction. the importance of Christianity has impacted and shaped my life in many countries. I was blessed to hold the chance to go to a Christian school until the age of 13. which assisted in modeling me into a compassionate. honest. and respectable person. I received a all-around instruction that allowed me to apportion a strong moral background and foundation for my life. I learned the importance of maintaining a respectable repute. giving back to the community. and go oning to pattern unimportance before God. I have been a Christian for every bit long as I can remember and hold grown as an person due to this committedness. I have challenged myself to distributing the many approvals of God and representing a positive Christian attitude in my every twenty-four hours encounters. I have portrayed an active function throughout the community and have an aspiration of doing a difference in every bit many lives as possible. As the Student Body President. a member of leading category. and the Varsity Cheerleading Captain. I have had the chance to accomplish my aspiration already in my adolescent old ages. I am really active in Race for the Cure. Walk for Juvenile Diabetes. Particular Olympics. Join the World of Winners. and Darfur Relief attempts. It is highly critical to take part in volunteer community service undertakings for the good of your community. I have served as a voluntary Particular Olympics Cheerleading manager for a gym in my country. As I have surrounded myself with these kids on a hebdomadal footing. I have learned the importance of dedication. open-mindedness. forbearance. optimism. and compassion. They have challenged me to populate up to their criterion. which in return has played a immense function in the footing of my character. The nazarene one time quoted. â€Å"It is more blest to given than to receive† ( Acts 20:35 ) . With this poetry in head. a individual can turn to see the importance of giving and. in return. having the satisfaction of impacting a person’s life. As an eight twelvemonth old. I was one of five misss to raise $ 10. 000 for the Masonic Home for Children in Henderson. North Carolina. This astonishing experience left me passionate about assisting others at an early age after seeing the impact that I had left on the lives of those kids after we delivered the cheque. As I have visited legion nursing places and kids infirmaries throughout my life-time and straight met victims of the current Darfur race murder. I have learned the impact that an person can go forth on another individual necessitating support. With Wake Forest constructing their foundation upon a Baptist. Christian doctrine. my desire to make out and assist those in demand along with representing Christian character shows my willingness to go on to construct upon the Wake Forest Community. Due greatly to my educational growing and spiritual background. I have developed many features that will greatly profit me throughout my life. After being selected as the Student Body President. I have had the privilege to take Student Council and the Student Body in all of our enterprises. I have learned so many of import qualities such as the importance of teamwork. dependability. dedication. and the ability to actuate a group of persons throughout the leading roles that I have held oover my high school calling. My leading adviser has inspired me to turn as a individual and spread out my leading qualities into going the most successful leader that I can go. Over the last three old ages. I have become closer and closer to one of my end: Endeavoring to obtain success through maintaining a positive attitude and taking a life of solid moral character. With each of the nines and activities that I have been active in. I have learned duty and committedness is the cardinal to triumph. After my 2nd twenty-four hours of AP English. I was asked to declaim a address refering the subject â€Å"Who I am. Who I am not† . I was really nervous and exhausted much clip fixing for what turned out to be an inspirational address of what I strive to achieve each and every twenty-four hours. After finishing the address. my English instructor asked me to give this address to her Varsity Volleyball squad. I was so esteemed and dying. and before their large game I recited the address to them. This meant an huge trade to me. and I was really thankful to make my best to animate this astonishing squad. Through my English teacher’s encouragement. and my Leadership advisor’s inspiration. I have become a more relaxed and comfy public talker along with constructing a strong leading character to follow with me throughout my life. I am a individual who strives to construct upon my leading qualities for the improvement of myself along with maintaining an unfastened head to all thoughts of persons as I build on my values and features. Wake Forest University seeks to â€Å"wed cognition with experience† merely as a leader must make each and every twenty-four hours. â€Å"Two roads diverged in the wood and I took the 1 less traveled by. and that has made all of the difference. † Throughout an individual’s life they encounter many waies and determinations that define them as a individual. They must sometimes take the best way for their life in fixing for their future aspirations. As a individual of high motive. I ever choose to dispute myself with high ends and new challenges. Sadly. in today’s modern universe it seems that the route less travelled is the right route ; the route where. alternatively of walking entirely through life ne’er taking notice of others. a individual stops along the manner to make out a manus to assist those who are left by the roadside. This is the way which I have chosen to take for myself. I use all of my life experiences to construct upon my life and accomplish all ends that I strive to carry through. I believe that with a diverse instruction. strong spiritual background. and character inspiration to going a great leader. I will greatly lend to the Wake Forest community. Nathan O’Hatch’s congratulations to the beautiful campus and community of Wake Forest illustrates the purpose of go oning to construct upon one of the greatest universities in the state. I strive to be a alone person with high ends to go forth an impact on the universe. I am ready to run into the challenge of go oning to spread out Wake Forest University through instruction and experience. How to cite Wake Forest University President Nathan O’Hatch Essay, Essay examples

Mrs Dalloway Essay Example

Mrs Dalloway Paper This essay will be investigating to what extent Woolf used her novel Mrs Dalloway to criticise the social system. To do this I will be taking into account the year the novel was written, and examining the social situations which the reader could have perceived to be critical. Also, it will be important to acknowledge that some of the socially critical situations Woolf uses had not been encountered before, and to reason that perhaps Woolf wrote Mrs Dalloway to try and draw public attentions to the reaction to events that the general public, politicians and all the social classes had no idea how to deal with. At the same time the essay will use these points to connect the novel and Woolf to its modernist roots. Woolf began writing what would become Mrs Dalloway in the summer of 1922 shortly after World War 1 had ended. Public suffering from the war was still inflicting its massive after effects, and Woolf wanted to write an expression of what she felt was happening. On my initial forays into researching Virginia Woolf my opinion was very closed, I felt she was very insular. Commenting on the outside world from the safety of her own well educated and wealthy life. But now I feel I passed judgment too quickly. Woolf came from a challenging background, loosing her mother at a young age and coping with depression at different stages of her life. She was an imperative aspect of a groundbreaking generation of people who were trying to shake off their Victorian roots and reach for something new, something different. Which is what we now know as the modernist era, where all absolute truths were questioned and life was about asking the where, why and who, of what they were. We will write a custom essay sample on Mrs Dalloway specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mrs Dalloway specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mrs Dalloway specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It must have been a very unsettling time, and society itself was still trying to come to terms with new learning curves concerning religion, science and Darwinism. But with the events of The War merely surviving had taken immediate precedence. Many young men had gone to fight, and the women had stepped into multi-functioning roles of being care giver, provider, and both mother and father. Despite the difficulty put upon those left behind, it also brought a feminine freedom and individuality. Soldiers returning from battle were firstly faced with the fact that their wives, mothers and sisters had evolved into far more independent creatures in their absence, but they were also facing the tasks of re-socialisation, battle fatigue and post war stress, these are words which we commonly know and understand today. But this was not the case in 1922. The Victorian pre-war years were about solid truths; religion, royalty, family and the eventuality that everything would come good in the end, and for Woolf shaking off these preconceived notions that were widely taught and understood during her childhood must have been very confusing. But to concentrate on Woolf from a literary angle she was one of the new style of writers of the modernist era, where the old fashioned bildungsroman was cast aside. The bildungsroman novels with their epic tales that spanned the life of their hero and reached a satisfying end of doing the right thing no longer fit into society. Food rationing, war, death and struggling against all odds, had somehow lifted the veil of innocence that novels such as Great expectations and Jane Eyre wrote about. Woolf was a part of a society that wandered why? Why did so many young men go to die, and why was society not willing to admit that there was something desperately wrong with the war torn young men returning home from the field? Being part of the modernist generation meant to strive for change, and to question everything, even the existence of an all powerful and righteous God. But if there is no God, then what to believe? For all the generations before Woolf had believed in the divine right of the monarchy to rule, and that living a just life before God allowed entry to heaven. These solid truths were suddenly ripped away, and the belief in government and political structure were to be thrown out with them. Woolf and her fellows were creating a whole new way of life, of education, art and science. With thanks to authors like Woolf and the Bloomsbury group of which she was a part, literary works were written in many narratives, and timelines were fluid. Woolf wanted fiction to get at something abstract, to use the mundane events of life to somehow create the bigger picture, there were no massive and life changing events in Mrs Dalloway, Woolf didnt use conventional methods to build tension and drama, even Septimuss eventual suicide was played down, the plot was purposely based around a party. Something that would be perceived as frivolous and unimportant. Woolf searched for her writing form, moving her narrative and stopping the plot from becoming chronological. Her design involves moving the characters through the streets of London while also timing their movements in a way that will create the impression of disparate events occurring simultaneously. 1 Novels were not expected or even preferred in an orderly or familiar style anymore. It was not until 1934 when Ezra Pound murmured what would be the long-lasting Make it new2, but it would seem that this was the sentiment long before he announced it. Woolf perfected her now famous tu nneling technique where she built her characters personalities and backgrounds (and then interlinked them where required) in Mrs Dalloway. The reader could be forgiven for thinking that Woolf wrote the book as a winding tale allowing the characters to be her guide, but Woolf agonized over every little aspect. Despite the timeline being fluid, Woolf had it planned out meticulously (as her diary shows) and each character played their part. One of the most important social aspects of the tale is how Woolf handles the character of Septimus. His story runs parallel with Mrs Dalloway, despite the fact that they never meet, only possibly being in the park at the same time but their paths never cross. Septimus becomes the epitome of the result of war. Septimus Warren Smith, aged about thirty, pale-faced, beak-nosed, wearing brown shoes and a shabby overcoat, with hazel eyes which had the look of apprehension in them which makes complete strangers apprehensive too. The world had raised its whip; where will it descend? Septimus thought, and this gradual drawing together of everything to one centre before his eyes, as if some horror had come almost to the surface and was about to burst into flames, terrified him. It is I who am blocking the way, he thought. Was he not being looked at and pointed at; was he not weighted there, rooted to the pavement, for a purpose? But for what purpose? 3 On first reading Mrs Dalloway I felt that his plight had been trivialized, but it was in overlooking the fact that the book was written over eighty years ago that exemplifies the longevity of what and how Woolf wrote Mrs Dalloway. The story becomes almost ageless as the same social inadequacies continue to raise their heads even today. It is only now with the experience of many Wars behind us that we are learning from our mistakes of the past. Septimus was returning from the first major War of our modern time, and no-one understood the ravages that the bloodshed and horror would cause to the human mind. Woolf having been a sufferer herself of a form of depression used Septimus as a vehicle to raise awareness, also managing to highlight the plight of soldiers returning from battle and how the medical profession had failed them, as discussed in the introduction to Mrs Dalloway. Septimuss case highlights the fashion in which society expected the war veteran to return to normalcy immediately, showing little patience with and even marginalizing those who could not instantly conform. But even more importantly, Septimuss case allows Woolf to launch a sustained attack on the medical community of her time. 4 Woolf used her novel very cleverly; it would seem that Woolf made Mrs Dalloway a mirror that she turned on society, not to ridicule or judge but to question. To question how Septimus could be treated like a child and that the prescription for his ailment was bed rest, and to say that quiet would make him feel better, (a treatment that she herself loathed) being left to rest with nothing more than the silence of ones mind must have seemed like a form of torture. But by using her idea to pen a story in the abstract, she managed to create such a depth of emotion when writing about Septimus, even though she still wrote without the drama. Woolf wrote about families left without sons and fathers as an everyday event, and it is so easy to forget that Woolf wasnt trying to illicit anger or trivialize these events, but she was writing about life, exactly as it happened. Mrs Dalloway is an everyday notion of an upper class women holding a party and fretting about its success. It is also an everyday notion of a woman in her early fifties feeling her age and looking back to her past. Woolfs genius is that buy tying these insignificant things together she very quietly paints a seemingly ugly picture of what society has become, but whether it was the success of her tunneling strategy with her characters or her immense skill as a writer, she still manages to leave the reader with a sadness for Septimus, and despite Clarrisas apathy she is still a sad character herself that touches the reader. Clarrisa Dalloway stays the central point to the story, despite the shifting narrative and addition of figures from her past and present. Woolf uses Clarrisa to dissect what a socially acceptable woman has become. Clarrisa is effected and melancholy, she doesnt feel satisfied with her life, but she doesnt blame anyone for that either. Clarrisa becomes a somewhat empty vessel, any fire or passion she might have once possessed as a younger women has been snuffed out, strangled by the restraint that women had placed upon them in that era. She almost drifts through the story. Woolf wrote Clarrisa to be the double to Septimus, and for all intents Woolf was going to kill her off at the end, until she decided to grant Septimus this blessed relief. Woolf wrote Clarrisa as she perceived a socialites life to be, and what she perceived it to represent. Mrs Dalloway paints a very empty picture, Clarrisa although having been moulded by her mollycoddled lifestyle, still manages to illicit the sympathy of the reader. She has nothing left, nothing to live for and nothing to loose. It is almost as if her life has passed her by without her noticing. I cant help but wonder if Woolf felt this way about herself, she didnt fit into the Victorian ethic she was raised with because of her own absolute beliefs in her right to question and learn, but was she then left feeling lost and isolated in her own life? Was Mrs Dalloway a way to exercise her own ghosts? In this I feel that Virginia Woolf did set about making a statement about society, about war and medical practice. But also about feminism, she uses her views of Richard and how if Clarrisa were to have married him he would have stifled her. How he wanted everything to be done together and how he expected her to behave and think in a certain way. Clarrisa thinks back to her time with Sally Seaton, recalling that she loved her. By questioning what love is in a time when society was considerably more homophobic than it is now, emphasizes how very brave Woolf was prepared to be in her quest for answers and honest literary content. To conclude, did Woolf manage to use abstract fiction to lead the reader down a path that uncovers painful truths along the way? Truths such as the struggle of returning soldiers from war, the failure of the medical society to treat them, and even how society itself pressured them to return to normalcy as quickly as possible. Did she in fact manage to use Mrs Dalloway to show how dissatisfied many women were with their lives; how they found them nothing more than a hopeless repetition uncover these failings? I think the answer is a resounding yes. Instead of writing an essay or journalistic piece that passed judgment and could have been seen as inflammatory, (especially coming from a woman writer) Woolf wrote a piece of fiction that was put before the masses, yet still enabled her to get her point across, and to be heard. She didnt jeopardize her position in society, nor her position lecturing to students, and by maintaining her stance she no doubt was able to plant the seed of change in many of the young minds she came into contact with. Having researched much about her personal life it also becomes clear that Woolf blamed herself as well. She wasnt stood on a pedestal assuming that she was innocent of societys crimes as I had initially thought, but she counted herself as one amongst its numbers. She felt equally responsible and used the discourse of Mrs Dalloway as a treatise of her time.

The Similarities of Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper Essay Essays

The Similarities of Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper Essay Essays The Similarities of Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper Essay Paper The Similarities of Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper Essay Paper Essay Topic: Rear Window Alfred Hitchcock. besides known as. â€Å"The Maestro of Suspense† . was a manager to a assortment of award winning movies. Many Hitchcock films will be perceptibly inspired by legion pictures. including the work of iconic creative person Edward Hopper. Hopper. born in New York. was good known for his realist pictures. Comparing the pictures and movies. one will see the similarities displayed between the two. Alfred Hitchcock and Edward Hopper are linked by making an eerie temper through their usage of illuming. composing. and point of view. Both Hitchcock and Hopper tend to utilize dark illuming with shadows every bit good as insulating a little group of people seen from an ‘outside looking in’ point of position. Edward Hopper is able to capture suspense in his pictures and he does this through his usage of illuming. He casts shadows and darkness in peculiar pictures in order to convey the temper he wishes to accomplish. In his most celebrated picture. â€Å"Nighthawks† . Hopper uses shadows as a technique to make a unusual feeling for the scene. The lone visible radiation in the picture appears to be coming from the diner itself. It casts shadows on the outside which makes the viewer admiration what will go on next. Because it is dark. there is something eerie about why these people are up so tardily at dark. Similar to Hopper. Hitchcock uses cryptic shadows to make this peculiar temper. This is seen through a still image of his film â€Å"Rear Window† . During this scene. the chief character Jeff. who is a wheel chair bound photojournalist. is confronted by Lars Thorwald. a going jewellery salesman who Jeff believes murdered person. Lars shows up in Jeff’s flat and the lighting dramatis personae upon him is dark. His figure is clearly at that place but the shadows cover his face wholly. which helps to demo this cryptic. eerie temper. Unlike Hopper. Hitchcock has an advantage of puting sound into the scene which adds to the ambiance of uncertainness. If it had been twenty-four hours clip or igniter in the room. the scene would non hold portrayed the same temper. This first-class usage of shadows by both Hopper and Hitchcock create the ghostliness they are both good known for. Alfred Hitchcock tended to concentrate on a little group of chief characters in each scene to make suspense. This was seen in his film â€Å"Vertigo† . The chief character. Scottie. is a retired investigator and was hired by Gavin Elster to follow his married woman. Madeline Elster. As the secret plan thickens. Madeline purportedly jumps off the roof of the church and kills herself. Scottie meets a new adult female. Judy Barton. who has an eldritch resemblance to Madeline. The scene in the still image is when Scottie is recognizing that Judy pretended to be Madeline so Gavin could slay his married woman and people would merely presume she was brainsick. As Scottie realizes this. the camera position is focused on merely him. By insulating him entirely. Hitchcock has enabled the audience to calculate the secret plan out aboard Scottie. This flooring disclosure creates an eerie feeling and gets the intended temper across. Like Hitchcock. Hopper tends to utilize the technique of insulating his characters. In the picture â€Å"Automat† . there is a adult female sitting by herself in a diner. Although non given off of the first feeling. the picture can give off an eerie temper. For illustration. her facial look is clean and she is submerging in the darkness from the back land. The image presents a dead silence which helps show the intended temper. Hopper had a inclination to paint his pictures as an foreigner position to construct a sense of inscrutability. In his picture â€Å"Nighthawk† . Hopper illustrates four people on the interior of a coffeehouse. The spectator is able to see all of the people in the scene because of the point of position. The adult male on the far left has his dorsum turned so one can non construe his temper ; although his caput is down which makes the spectator infer he is believing. The miss and male child sitting following to each other may be a twosome. but the spectator can non cognize for certain. The waiter may hold a drink in his manus or it could be something more leery. but because the spectator can non see his custodies they can non be certain of what the object is. By being able to see everyone in the picture and being able to analyse each character. the temper conveys eeriness because the spectator has unanswered inquiries and enigma. Hitchcock besides uses an ‘outside looking in’ point of position in the film â€Å"Rear Window† . The secret plan of the film is based around the chief character watching people through his flat window. In the still image. Jeff. the chief character. tickers as his neighbour goes in and out of his flat and so takes knifes out of his bag. If the spectator was in the room with the neighbour. they would be able to state what was traveling on. By being on the exterior. it leaves the spectator thinking which so creates a cliff-hanging. eerie temper. Edward Hopper and Alfred Hitchcock are un-doubtfully similar when it comes to inside informations. Hitchcock may non be a painter. but his work has been influenced by pictures. The comparing between both of Hitchcock and Hopper’s work shows that art has an influence throughout all the different types there are. The two creative persons create different chef-doeuvres. but the similarities between the two aid separate the eerie temper.

How to Write a Thesis Statement With Examples

How to Write a Thesis Statement With Examples A thesis statement provides the foundation for your entire research paper or essay. This statement is the central assertion that you want to express in your essay. A successful thesis statement is one that is made up of one or two sentences clearly laying out your central idea and expressing an informed, reasoned answer to your research question. Usually, the thesis statement will appear at the end of the first paragraph of your paper. There are a few different types, and the content of your thesis statement will depend upon the type of paper you’re writing. Key Takeaways: Writing a Thesis Statement A thesis statement gives your reader a preview of your papers content by laying out your central idea and expressing an informed, reasoned answer to your research question.Thesis statements will vary depending on the type of paper you are writing, such as an expository essay, argument paper, or analytical essay.Before creating a thesis statement, determine whether you are defending a stance, giving an overview of an event, object, or process, or analyzing your subject Expository Essay Thesis Statement Examples An expository essay exposes the reader to a new topic; it informs the reader with details, descriptions, or explanations of a subject. If you are writing an expository essay, your thesis statement should explain to the reader what she will learn in your essay. For example: The United States spends more money on its military budget than all the industrialized nations combined.Gun-related homicides and suicides are increasing after years of decline.Hate crimes have increased three years in a row, according to the FBI.Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases the risk of stroke and arterial fibrillation (irregular heartbeat). These statements provide a statement of fact about the topic (not just opinion) but leave the door open for you to elaborate with plenty of details. In an expository essay, you dont need to develop an argument or prove anything; you only need to understand your topic and present it in a logical manner. A good thesis statement in an expository essay always leaves the reader wanting more details. Types of Thesis Statements Before creating a thesis statement, its important to ask a few basic questions, which will help you determine the kind of essay or paper you plan to create: Are you defending a stance in a controversial essay?Are you simply giving an overview or describing an event, object, or process?Are you conducting an analysis of an event, object, or process? In every thesis statement, you will give the reader a preview of your papers content, but the message will differ a little depending on the essay type. Argument Thesis Statement Examples If you have been instructed to take a stance on one side of a controversial issue, you will need to write an argument essay. Your thesis statement should express the stance you are taking and may give the reader a preview or a hint of your evidence. The thesis of an argument essay could look something like the following: Self-driving cars are too dangerous and should be banned from the roadways.The exploration of outer space is a waste of money; instead, funds should go toward solving issues on Earth, such as poverty, hunger, global warming, and traffic congestion.The U.S. must crack down on illegal immigration.Street cameras and street-view maps have led to a total loss of privacy in the United States and elsewhere. These thesis statements are effective because they offer opinions that can be supported by evidence. If you are writing an argument essay, you can craft your own thesis around the structure of the statements above. Analytical Essay Thesis Statement Examples In an analytical essay assignment, you will be expected to break down a topic, process, or object in order to observe and analyze your subject piece by piece. Examples of a thesis statement for an analytical essay include: The criminal justice reform bill passed by the U.S. Senate in late 2018 (The First Step Act) aims to reduce prison sentences that disproportionately fall on nonwhite criminal defendants.The rise in populism and nationalism in the U.S. and European democracies has coincided with the decline of moderate and centrist parties that have dominated since WWII.Later-start school days increase student success for a variety of reasons. Because the role of the thesis statement is to state the central message of your entire paper, it is important to revisit (and maybe rewrite) your thesis statement after the paper is written. In fact, it is quite normal for your message to change as you construct your paper.

Forgetting Jerusalem from the Bible to Faulkner Essay

Forgetting Jerusalem from the Bible to Faulkner - Essay Example He then imprecates God to remember what the Babylonians did to Jerusalem. How they tore down the city to its foundations, and treated it as something worthless. Having his beloved nation torn down as something worthless, the Psalmist curses the daughters of Babylon. He desires revenge, seeking that what they had done to the children of Zion, too, will be done unto them - having their infants snatched and dashed against the rocks! Psalm 137 is basically a song of anger, as well as of a desire for revenge for all the wrongdoing that has been implicated to him and his people. He is singing to God, reminding Him of his faithfulness, and seeking justice for him and his nation. The harsh, cursing prayer song of the Psalmist to God against the Babylonians in Psalm 137 shows that in these kinds of prayers, cursing the enemy or offender, is due to the believers feeling of distress. In 1 Samuel 24-26, it is shown how David, a model of patience, who on more than one occasion refused to avenge himself on his persecutor Saul. David spares Saul. As any other man, David had weaknesses, and one of these was being too lenient. He was compassionate with such offenders as Shimei, who cursed him (in 2 Samuel 16), and his son Absalom, who rebelled against him (2 Samuel 18-19). David didn't seek out personal vengeance upon his enemies and offenders, but in his prayers, he could hardly pray for compassion upon them. In his prayers, he could not bring himself to sincerely pray to God that Saul should win or that God's promise to him which included the promise of the Savior should be overthrown by Saul or Absalom. He very much opposed their schemes with prayer. Psalm 137 is a very reflective work by the original writer with overtones that reach into the lives of all of us today. Until such time as the knowledge of Yahweh fills the earth as it was written by Jeremiah, we are waiting by the "river of Babylon" with our captors, struggling to make sense of the things that are before us in our daily lives. Just as it is stated in Jeremiah 31:33-34, "But this is the covenant that I will make the house of Israel after those days, says Yahweh, I will put My law in their inward parts, and in their heart will I write it; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people; and they shall teach no more every man his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying: 'Know Yahweh; 'for they shall all know Me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, says Yahweh; for I will

Lightweight Community-Driven Approach to Support Ontology Evolution Essay

Lightweight Community-Driven Approach to Support Ontology Evolution - Essay Example The chapter goes on to identify the advantage of ontology evolution, the lack of systematic approach for ontology evolution and explains the motivation for this study. The chapter ends with the objectives of the study and thesis structure. 1.2 Ontology Definitions The term â€Å"Ontology† is derived from its usage in philosophy where it means the study of being or existence as well as the basic categories (Witmer 2004). Therefore, it is now used to refer to what exists in a system model. Definition 1: According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2011), â€Å"It is a particular nature of being or the kinds of things that have existence. Definition 2: Gruber (1993), on the other hand, provides a more concrete definition of Ontology. He defines it as a study which explicitly explains concepts and relationships (Gruber 1993). The set of concepts (e.g. classes, relations, functions) are used to represent and describe domain knowledge. For example, in oil and gas industry there is an established ontology for Statoil in Norway (Association 2008) a standard library related to an oil and gas domain. 1.3 Ontology Editor Ontology Editor is an application which is developed to view and edit ontology. In the past few years many applications have been developed such as OilEd (Bechhofer, Horrocks et al. 2001), OntoEdit (Sure, Erdmann et al. 2002), Protege (Gennari, Musen et al. 2003) and Web-Protege (Tudorache, Vendetti et al. 2008). Further details are explained below about each ontology editor: - OilEd: OilEd was developed in Manchester University. It is a simple ontology editor that provides further guidance in the development of Ontology Interchange Language (OIL)-based ontologies (Bechhofer, Horrocks et al. 2001), which is basically a web-based representation of ontologies organized to make it accessible and usable (Cover, 2000). It is the one which pioneers ontology editing (Bechhofer, Horrocks et al. 2001). - OntoEdit: OntoEdit was developed by the Knowledge Ma nagement Group at University of Karsnuhe Institute AFIB. It provides an ontology development that allows collaboration and inferencing. The method involves three main steps which start with requirements specification, refinement and evaluation. The first step is where the ontology engineers and domain experts meet and work towards identifying the goal of the ontology, description of the domain, and the availability of references. Design guidelines are also established in this step. Then, the team then makes the ontology in the refinement phase. Finally, the ontology requires evaluation according to its requirements specification by identifying possible errors in the ontology and efficiency for enabling collaborative work (Sure, Erdmann et al. 2002). - Protege: Protege was developed by Mark Musen at Stanford University. It is an ontology editor which has come a long way. Protege started in 1987 as a small application, which was aimed at building knowledge acquisition tools. Protege h as then been developed further, providing many new features for each version that has been released. Currently, there are hundreds of individuals and research groups are using Protege (Gennari, Musen et al. 2003). - Web-Protege: Web-Protege is a web version of Protege, also developed in Stanford University. This allows the users who have access to view and edit the ontology from the internet (Tudorache, Vende

Examining the Impact of Roles and Social Pressures on My Life Essay exa

Examining the Impact of Roles and Social Pressures on My Life      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I spent a recent evening watching a movie with my erstwhile girlfriend Jaimie, along with two of our mutually close friends, Jason and Michael. In the half hour before starting the video, we rearranged Jaimie's furniture to make room for the four of us. During the screening, we laughed together at a child's antics, made jokes about trite and improbable situations, and watched silently as the story drew to an emotional climax. As the credit scroll began, it was clear that I was both welcome and expected to stay in the room in a casual social gathering with the other three. However, my response was to mumble something about having to leave, and, retreating to my own room, to spend the remainder of the night playing video games and guitar. One may ask why I chose to leave, when my social role as friend to those individuals would have me stay. In fact, the forces contributing to my curt exit, though partially individual, are predominantly social, and include influences from the five major stages in my relationship with Jaimie, the sociological roles and expectations I played in each stage, and the counsel of my other friends.    The first phase of our relationship involved adjustment to our new roles as Boyfriend and Girlfriend, and the feelings that accompanied it. This occurred quickly; for my part, I had not been more than casually involved with a woman for seventeen months, and was feeling the pressure and judgment of a society that expects its members to engage in heterosexual courtship at my age. Jaimie was in the process of terminating a mutually destructive relationship and had experimented with several unsuccessful liaisons;... ...must bear in mind, however, that in order for these theories to be fully validated, they must be applicable not only to generalized groups of people or representative individuals, but to every member of society, each following the same patterns as every other. Since it is historically impossible to accurately predict the behavior of human beings on any scale, variations between individuals must be explained by something unique about each person. Whether called a soul or some other name, this element of spontaneity exists in every person and can allow him to break free of his expectations.    Works Cited Berger, Peter L. Invitation to Sociology: A Humanistic Perspective. Garden City: Anchor, 1963. Fromm, Erich. Escape From Freedom. New York: Avon, 1969. Sartre, Jean-Paul. "No Exit." No Exit and Three Other Plays. New York: Vintage, 1989.

Examining the Impact of Roles and Social Pressures on My Life Essay exa

Examining the Impact of Roles and Social Pressures on My Life      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I spent a recent evening watching a movie with my erstwhile girlfriend Jaimie, along with two of our mutually close friends, Jason and Michael. In the half hour before starting the video, we rearranged Jaimie's furniture to make room for the four of us. During the screening, we laughed together at a child's antics, made jokes about trite and improbable situations, and watched silently as the story drew to an emotional climax. As the credit scroll began, it was clear that I was both welcome and expected to stay in the room in a casual social gathering with the other three. However, my response was to mumble something about having to leave, and, retreating to my own room, to spend the remainder of the night playing video games and guitar. One may ask why I chose to leave, when my social role as friend to those individuals would have me stay. In fact, the forces contributing to my curt exit, though partially individual, are predominantly social, and include influences from the five major stages in my relationship with Jaimie, the sociological roles and expectations I played in each stage, and the counsel of my other friends.    The first phase of our relationship involved adjustment to our new roles as Boyfriend and Girlfriend, and the feelings that accompanied it. This occurred quickly; for my part, I had not been more than casually involved with a woman for seventeen months, and was feeling the pressure and judgment of a society that expects its members to engage in heterosexual courtship at my age. Jaimie was in the process of terminating a mutually destructive relationship and had experimented with several unsuccessful liaisons;... ...must bear in mind, however, that in order for these theories to be fully validated, they must be applicable not only to generalized groups of people or representative individuals, but to every member of society, each following the same patterns as every other. Since it is historically impossible to accurately predict the behavior of human beings on any scale, variations between individuals must be explained by something unique about each person. Whether called a soul or some other name, this element of spontaneity exists in every person and can allow him to break free of his expectations.    Works Cited Berger, Peter L. Invitation to Sociology: A Humanistic Perspective. Garden City: Anchor, 1963. Fromm, Erich. Escape From Freedom. New York: Avon, 1969. Sartre, Jean-Paul. "No Exit." No Exit and Three Other Plays. New York: Vintage, 1989.

Examining the Impact of Roles and Social Pressures on My Life Essay exa

Examining the Impact of Roles and Social Pressures on My Life      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I spent a recent evening watching a movie with my erstwhile girlfriend Jaimie, along with two of our mutually close friends, Jason and Michael. In the half hour before starting the video, we rearranged Jaimie's furniture to make room for the four of us. During the screening, we laughed together at a child's antics, made jokes about trite and improbable situations, and watched silently as the story drew to an emotional climax. As the credit scroll began, it was clear that I was both welcome and expected to stay in the room in a casual social gathering with the other three. However, my response was to mumble something about having to leave, and, retreating to my own room, to spend the remainder of the night playing video games and guitar. One may ask why I chose to leave, when my social role as friend to those individuals would have me stay. In fact, the forces contributing to my curt exit, though partially individual, are predominantly social, and include influences from the five major stages in my relationship with Jaimie, the sociological roles and expectations I played in each stage, and the counsel of my other friends.    The first phase of our relationship involved adjustment to our new roles as Boyfriend and Girlfriend, and the feelings that accompanied it. This occurred quickly; for my part, I had not been more than casually involved with a woman for seventeen months, and was feeling the pressure and judgment of a society that expects its members to engage in heterosexual courtship at my age. Jaimie was in the process of terminating a mutually destructive relationship and had experimented with several unsuccessful liaisons;... ...must bear in mind, however, that in order for these theories to be fully validated, they must be applicable not only to generalized groups of people or representative individuals, but to every member of society, each following the same patterns as every other. Since it is historically impossible to accurately predict the behavior of human beings on any scale, variations between individuals must be explained by something unique about each person. Whether called a soul or some other name, this element of spontaneity exists in every person and can allow him to break free of his expectations.    Works Cited Berger, Peter L. Invitation to Sociology: A Humanistic Perspective. Garden City: Anchor, 1963. Fromm, Erich. Escape From Freedom. New York: Avon, 1969. Sartre, Jean-Paul. "No Exit." No Exit and Three Other Plays. New York: Vintage, 1989.

Genetically modified food Essay

The past score of years has witnessed the astonishing revolution in the scope of plant breeding technologies. The biological technologies have regularly been utilized to create new gene combinations for progressing crop diversities. This intentionally modified by the manipulation of the DNA, and transformation of certain genes to create new variations of life, which called genetically modified (GM) food. There is presently some debate about whether to accept GM food. The disadvantages of GM food are labelling issue and transformation of certain genes might lead to environmental issues. Nevertheless, there are also a number of crucial advantages such as farmers could improve their economic benefits and GM food could improve the nutritional quality to prevent disease. Therefore, this essay will argue that GM food has obvious benefits to the society because it can improve economic benefits by trading and decrease allergenic. GM food has some negative consequences for society. The main adverse effect is that GM food may has mandatory labelling scheme issues. Research has shown that some manufacturers realize that implement a mandatory labelling scheme could cost a fortune (Steiner 2000, p. 158; Uzogara 2000, p. 188). Moreover, labelling of GM food could remind consumer these products are biotech, and this could lead to customer losses (Uzogara 2000, p. 188). Then, the concept of mandatory labelling scheme for GM food in some countries is uncertainty (Steiner 2000, p. 158). For example, manufacturers use misleading and confusing labelling to muddle the consumer such as ‘may contain genetically modified material’ (Steiner 2000, p. 158). Indeed, labelling issue for GM food is extremely difficult to implement in some countries, governments may promulgate a series of legislation to implementation. Secondly, transformation of new DNA technology used to create GM food that has environmental risks. This involves monarch butterfly early death and threatens beneficial insects, which would seriously destroy the balance of the ecosystem. Some species are suffering from premature death after insects fed by GM crops, and also this might result in difficulty in reproduction such as monarch butterfly and green lacewing insects (Steiner 2000, p. 153). Furthermore, Lemaux (2009, p. 528) has reported an experiment, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in genetically engineered (GE) corn pollen could lead to colony collapse disorder that  accelerate the bees’ decline. It can be seen then that mandatory labelling scheme issue and environmental threats could give rise to some negative aspects for GM food. If one looks closely at the literature on this topic, nevertheless, there are a number of significant advantage points to GM food. One of these is that GM food could improve farmers’ economic benefits. According to Uzogara (2000, p. 193), GM food could be converted from annuals to perennials that would increase crop yields during the year. Perennial crops would lead to increased labor allocation, reduced labor costs, decreased fertilizer use and cost of production for farmers to make more economic profits (Uzogara 2000, pp. 193-194). For example, according to USDA surveys from 2001 to 2003, 79% of US farmers who choose Bt corn to increase yields (Lemaux 2009, p. 536). He also states that the Zaragoza region is one of the three leading GE corn-growing regions in Spanish and has at least 11.8% yield increase. Indeed, the profitability of farmers’ growth is approximately $69 per acre per year higher than conventional farmers (Lemaux 2009, p. 536). Especially, farmers in developing countries realized the most significant economic benefits from GM rice because large-scale farmers have higher yields and less infestation (Lemaux 2009, p. 536). This evidence shows that GF food farming is a potentially high profit margin business, and profitability often depends on factors relating to crop yield and pest infestation. Thus, GM food could change the status quo to achieve the highest profitability for farmers. Allied to this is the further advantage of GM food which could improve nutritional food quality. This involves nutritional content and health-enhancing properties of particular foods that might solve malnutrition and population health problems in developing countries. Uzogara (2000, p. 194) states that GM crops would help the population to reach their daily based requirements and prevent malnutrition. For example, cassava has been genetically modified to have a higher nutrient value (Anon cited in Uzogara 2000, p. 194). Furthermore, the nutritionally enhanced crops like iron, vitamin A and Beta-carotene dense rice could help alleviate malnutrition (Bouis 2007, pp. 80-83). For instance, according to research, approximately three million preschool children in developing countries are suffering from vitamin A deficiency that could lead to visible eye damage,  however, GM rice can increase vitamin A and iron which could prevent blindness (Bouis 2007, pp. 82-86; Ferber cited in Uzogara 2000, p. 194). It is clear that farmers could gain significant economic benefits through GM food because it would increase the yield and reduce labor costs, and nutritionally enhanced crops could help the population to prevent disease or malnutrition. Consequently, although GM food as one kind of biological technologie can have some negative outcomes for labelling and environment issues, GM food arguably has more positive effects. The effect of global trading that is a significant benefit to improve economy. The USA is the dominant exporter of both GM soybeans and GM maize, which are account for 76% of GM maize and 50% of GM soybeans exports (Nielsen et al. 2003, p. 780). He also claims that high-income Asia is the main importer of GM maize and GM soybeans that are 41% and 30% respectively. Moreover, Nabradi & Popp (2011, p. 8) report that GM crops account for a great proportion from global trading that providing significant export profits for many countries. For example, The United States, Argentina and Brazil are the world’s three largest GM soybean and GM maize exporters with above 90% and 80% share of world soybean and maize trade (Nabradi & Popp 2011, pp. 9-10). Similarly, the volume of global soybean trade increased from 85.4 to 87.9 million tonnes from 2009 to 2011, and the volume of global maize trade increased from 86 to 88.5 million tonnes in three years (Nabradi & Popp 2011, p. 10). They also indicate that China has significant soybean importing volume that from 46 to 49 million tonnes during three years. Further to this, eliminating allergens as a result of GM food has been one of the prominent concerns among food quality and human health. Allergenic foods usually contain multiple allergens, such as milk, soy, peanut, crustaceans, fish, egg and tree nuts. According to Herman (2003, p. 1318), using GM to remove intrinsic allergens from soybeans that present in thousands of processed and prepared foods in developed and developing countries. He also claims that eliminate allergens from GM soybeans that has high relationship to the development of GM crops, and transgenic soybeans is a first step in solving food allergies (Herman 2003, p. 1319). Otherwise, the alternative GM method to remove the allergen from food, for instance, some experiments to use gene suppression technology  attempts to reduce and/or eliminate allergens in rye and rice seed, and even use this measure to suppress an allergen in shrimp that is potentially dangerous to sensitive people (Herman 2003, p. 1319). Plausibly, GM food may eliminate allergen from all of food that would help people to stay away from food allergies. Although some argue that GM food may has some negative impacts to mandatory labelling scheme, there is considerable labelling of GM food still has positive impacts on consumer and manufacturers. Uzogara (2000, p. 188) claims that labelling for GM food would enable the consumer to avoid ethical, cultural, or religious reasons by certain foods. For example, Jews and Muslims usually insist on Kosher and Halal foods because the purity of this food can be guaranteed, which not contain pig genes (Uzogara 2000, p. 187). He further maintains that product quality can be improved by labelling, for instance, improved favour, longer shelf-life, and build brand identity. Similarly, according to General Labelling Directive, labelling for GM food that means this can be guaranteed by European regulation, and consumer can trust the information on the products (Andersen 2010, p. 139). Furthermore, while some authors claim that GM food has negative impacts on environment, Uzogara (2000, p. 195) indicates that GM food has still environmental benefits include protection against plant diseases, improvement of saline soil, and herbicide tolerance. GM food like tomatoes, squash and corn become virus resistant that against GM food destroying viruses or viral diseases (Uzogara 2000, p. 195). According to Bouis (2007, p. 80), GM crops can improve soil conditioning that is changing highly saline soils. Then, herbicides are effective against several target weeds also cuts conventional herbicide use significantly (Uzogara 2000, p. 195). While discussing GM food may has some negative impacts to mandatory labelling scheme and environment issues, the considerable positive consequences to improve global trading and remove intrinsic allergens can never be neglected. In conclusion, GM food clearly has advantages on economy and human health. While GM food lead to the mandatory labelling scheme hard to implement and has threats to the environment, success in the labelled GM food let some consumer more easier to choose food and make the crops stronger to against different threats. Furthermore, GM food References: Andersen, LB 2010, ‘The EU rules on labelling of genetically modified foods: mission accomplished?’, European Food & Feed Law Review, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 136-143, viewed 8 November 2014. Bouis, HE 2007, ‘The potential of genetically modified food crops to improve human nutrition in developing countries’, Journal of Development Studies, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 79-96, viewed 28 October 2014. Herman, EM 2003, ‘Genetically modified soybeans and food allergies’, Journal Of Experimental Botany, vol. 54, no. 386, pp. 1317-1319, viewed 12 November 2014. Lemaux, PG 2009, ‘Genetically engineered plants and foods: a scientist’s analysis of the issues (Part II)’, Annual Review Of Plant Biology, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 511-559, viewed 11 November 2014. Nabradi, A & Popp, J 2011, ‘Economics of GM crop cultivation’, APSTRACT: Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 07-19, viewed 10 November 2014. Steiner, MP 2000, ‘Food flight – the changing landscape of genetically modified foods and the law’, Review Of European Community & International Environmental Law, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 152-160, viewed 11 November 2014. Uzogara, SG 2000, ‘The impact of genetic modification of human foods in the 21st century: A review’, Biotechnology Advances, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 179-206, viewed 3 November 2014.

Problem And Extent Of Hiv / Aids - 1539 Words

Problem and Extent of HIV/AIDS Impact in China From the narrative, Dazou merely represents one of the thousands of people who have contracted HIV through paid plasma plasma donation and unhygienic blood banks. The National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China reports 501,000 reported cases of people living with HIV/AIDS. Although the pervasiveness of HIV may be low compared to China’s 1.3 billion population, certain communities have HIV prevalence rates as high as 60%, and certain public health measures and attention must be promptly issued. The extent of HIV/AIDS impacts not an individual’s physical health, but it also a social stigma that affects the emotional and mental health of and discrimination†¦show more content†¦Although donors are required to take a physical examination and test for antibodies against hepatitis B and C, the HIV-1 antibody is not (Wu et al. 1995). Often to save money and promote efficiency, blood collection centers pool the blood by blood type, and some blood donors are re-injected with the contaminated blood back into the donor’s body. Commercial plasma businesses have created a host of severe public health problems and after- effects. Not only are are blood donors contracting this disease from the poor sanitation and lack of responsible HIV testing, but it also indirectly impacting the health of families and hospital patients. Since the symptoms of HIV are not immediately detected, the infection can be transmitted to sexual partners, and even blood transfusions in hospitals. HIV prevalence is 15.1% among former plasma donors and 4.8% among non-donors, demonstrating that the HIV/AIDS epidemic has also spread to non-donors (Ji et al. 2006). Local Factors Responses Anhui is an eastern province in China. It is a predominantly rural, agricultural area, and many peasants face economic pressures and do not have poor health care access. Able-bodied adults without the finances to support their family are incentivized to sell their blood to blood collection centers that pay 20-200 yuan per donation (Erwin 2006). To worsen the unstoppable problem, government and and international companies were willing to pay for blood for the use of medicines and research. Local